ABSTRACT
SCADA is an acronym for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. SCADA systems are used to monitor and control a plant or equipment in industries such as telecommunications, water and waste control, energy, oil and gas refining and transportation. These systems encompass the transfer of data between a SCADA central host computer and a number of Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) and/or Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), and the central host and the operator terminals. A SCADA system gathers information (such as where a leak on a pipeline has occurred), transfers the information back to a central site, then alerts the home station that a leak has occurred, carrying out necessary analysis and control, such as determining if the leak is critical, and displaying the information in a logical and organized fashion. These systems can be relatively simple, such as one that monitors environmental conditions of a small office building, or very complex, such as a system that monitors all the activity in a nuclear power plant or the activity of a municipal water system. Traditionally, SCADA systems have made use of the Public Switched Network (PSN) for monitoring purposes. Today many systems are monitored using the infrastructure of the corporate Local Area Network (LAN)/Wide Area Network (WAN). Wireless technologies are now being widely deployed for purposes of monitoring.
A typical SCADA application requires several low cost distributed RTUs, controlled by a central station/master. Common applications for SCADA systems typically include water and waste treatment, electrical power generation, transmission and distribution, wind power energy, oil and gas industries ,train traction system etc.
SCADA is facing some security threat which belonging to different classes i.e. environmental threat, electronic threat, physical security, communication and information network attacks, software damage etc.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER-1 SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION
1.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………1
1.2 Components of SCADA………………………………………...……..3
1.3.Advantages and Disadvantages………………………………………...8
CHAPTER-2 SCADA in Electrical System
2.1 Introduction.............................................................................................9
2.2 SCADA for Hydro Power Plants………..……………………………...11
2.3 SCADA for Thermal Power Plants….……………………..…………....12
CHAPTER-3 Application of SCADA for Oil and Gas Industries
3.1 HPCL Vizag-Secunderabad Multi Product pipeline……………..…..........14
3.2 BP Teeside to Saltend Ethylene Pipeline (TSEP)……………….…….......16
3.3 Crude Oil Storage and Loading Terminal for QGPC Qatar……….............18
CHAPTER -4 Miscellaneous Applications
4.1 SCADA System for Fore Street Underpass UK.……………………….20
4.2 WIND POWER SCADA SYSTEMS.…………………………………21
4.3 SCADA System for Filling System ………………………………...…....22
CHAPTER-5 Security Consideration
5.1 Environmental threats ………………………………………….……....25
5.2 Electronic threats …………………………….…………………….…..26
5.3 Physical security …………………………………………………...…..30
5.4 Communication and information networks ………………………..….....31
5.5 Software management and documentation ………………………...…....32
BIBLIOGRAPHY……...…...…………………………………………………34
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